A paper presented at shapin g the change xxiii fig congress munich, germany, october 8, 2006 pp. The term soil structure means the grouping and arrangement of soil particles. Soil physical conditions in nigerian savannas and biomass production 367 table 3. Soil and water conservation 265 life on this planet, as the so il is an essential resource to suppor t plants for producing food, and to provide shelter to insects and animals. Updated classification of some soil series in southwestern. Status of nigerias soil according to agboola 1986, nigerian soils are generally light. Soil conservation david sanders world association of soil and water conservation, bristol, england,uk keywords. Strengthening agricultural extension agencies for capacity building is an important tool for improving soil conservation in nigeria. Ogunkunle2 1 department of agronomy, university of ilorin, ilorin, nigeria 2 department of agronomy, university of ibadan, ibadan, nigeria corresponding author, email.
Manual on integrated soil management and conservation practices ix page 19. The book fundamentals of soil science covers the agricultural field of soil science. The major purpose of this book, as was the case with its previous editions, is to provide a basic textbook for agricultural engineers, soil scientists and. Soil science is a science that deals with the manipulation and betterment of soil conditions for the growth of plants. Erosion processes and soil conservation technology 4. This is a project completion report of the gusau agricultural development project in nigeria. Pdf economics of soil conservation practices in abia state of nigeria. The manual serves as a guiding document for activities of the national cooperative soil survey ncss. In addition to ecec method, several other methods will be used to evaluate the cec of these soils. This necessitated this study on the economics of soil conservation measures in abia state of nigeria. Use of vetiver grass for soil and water conservation in nigeria.
Soil condition and water availability if effectively managed will help. Pdf soil degradation and desertification are already severe issues in sub saharan africa. The data underpinning the soil atlas of africa will gradually be made available for download. Pdf download for land use and soil management situations in nigeria. Bn 2546302 with over 15,000 plus of research topics and materials sorted by departments.
Soil physical conditions in nigerian savannas and biomass production 365 the savannas of nigeria and agricultural production nigeria is located in the tropical zone between latitude 4o and 14on, and longitude 2oe, with a vast area having savanna vegetation figure 1. Nigeria gusau agricultural development project english abstract. Moench in southwest nigeria t agbede, s ojeniyi, f adekayode requires subscription pdf soil properties and yam performance in differently tilled soils in auchi area, edo state of nigeria. Return to article details farmers knowledge and adoption of soil conservation practices in north central nigeria. The soil and water conservation society swcs is a nonprofit scientific and educational organization that serves as an advocate for natural resource professionals and for sciencebased conservation policy. The isbn number for the conference proceeding is 97897890111 click the link in front of the paper title to download.
Soils fundamental concepts the soil in perspective. Effect of the annual crop type on soil losses by erosion. Soil conservation technique is the application of processes to the solution of soil management problems. Pdf farmers preference for soil and water conservation. Abstract the main objective of this study was to determine the attitude of farmers towards erosion and the adoption of appropriate soil conservation technologies scts.
Soil and water conservation society 945 sw ankeny road ankeny, ia 50023 usa 800the soil 8008437645. The use of vetiver grass vetiveria zizanioides has offered such prospects in a wide range of climatic environments. Soil conservation encyclopedia of life support systems. Status and challenges of soil management in nigeria. In this edition, the text addresses the interactions and impact which soil and water conservation methods and practices have on soil, water and air quality and on the entire environment.
The africa soil information service afsis is developing continentwide digital soil maps for subsaharan africa using new types of soil analysis and statistical methods, and conducting agronomic field trials in selected sentinel sites. Conservation is the planning and management of natural resources in order to secure their wise use and continuity of supply while maintaining and enhancing their quality, value and diversity. A study was conducted at the teaching and research farm of the university ofof ibadan, nigeria 7 o24 n, 3 54 e for three growing seasons to assess. Choice of soil management techniques as adaptation to climate. Negative changes in landscape quality, lowering both the productivity and aesthetic quality of the natural environment, may have serious effects on the nations economy. Tropical agriculture iita in ibadan, nigeria from 21 april to 1. The aim was to provide information for better land. International soil and water conservation research vol 5. Farmers preference for soil and water conservation practices in nigeria.
Land use and soil management situations in nigeria. International soil and water conservation research vol 3. Soil properties and yam performance in differently tilled soils in auchi area, edo state of nigeria s ojeniyi, n eboifo, m akinola, s odedina requires subscription pdf. It offers them a real chance to improve their lives. Soil conservation stores more of the runoff from excess rainfall in the reservoir of the soil for subsequent crop use. Land use control and natural resource management in nigeria. Nigeria, with a population of about 150 million, is the most populous country in ssa. Merr as affected by soil surface management in ileife, nigeria omotayo b.
In nigeria, increasing evidence indicates a deteriorating manland relationship. Use of vetiver grass for soil and water conservation in. The newly updated soil survey manual issued march 2017, usda handbook no. Field soil survey done and published by soil survey division, federal department. In the first three communities farmers did receive training on soil.
Soil depth cm sand silt clay airdried soil gravel content 015 834 94 72 124 1530 745 95 160 120 3045 706 105 190 128. In nigeria only the sahel zone has this type of vegetation eg north. Assessment of soil fertility management among the arable. The need to conserve soil resources for greater productivity and protect the environment from degradation is of utmost priority. In any field of natural resources, it is important to understand the soil properties which impact the. Overcultivation and compaction cause the soil to lose its structure and cohesion leading to greater erodibility. Conservation agriculture enables these people to grow more food with less work. Choice of soil management techniques as adaptation to. Busari, 2010 explained that land degradation is the process of decay in the lands physical and biological resources, which continues until it.
The journal of agricultural education and extension. The nigerian conservation foundation is an environmental nongovernmental organization which works to preserve the natural resources and biodiversity of nigeria. About 48% of the soil are under 4 5 classes with insufficient moisture retention and low content of organic substances. Although the grass grows in nigeria, its potential for soil and water conservation and improved crop yield has not been realized, let alone quantified. The estimated land area of nigeria is 904000 km2 with a population of over 120. Deforestation, clearance, clearcutting or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land which is then converted to a nonforest use. Resources kindly find below all published papers in the proceeding of the 6th nscb biodiversity conservation conference held at university of uyo, uyo from may 6 12, 2018.
In the first instance, a shape file is available describing the dominant wrb reference soil group and associated qualifiers 29420. This report presents a project to the international bank for reconstruction and development ibrd for the development of 3,800 square kilometers farmed by about. A fundamental knowledge of soil science is a prerequisite to meeting the. None of the types of soil in nigeria can be considered first class soil with the highest productivity level. Evaluation of the effect of increasing the quantity of maize residues in the soil cover on the runoff flow, the runoff velocity and the total soil losses 88 20. Ogunkunle2 1 department of agronomy, university of ilorin, ilorin, nigeria 2 department of agronomy, university of ibadan, ibadan, nigeria. Analytic hierarchic process approach article pdf available september 2018 with 77 reads how we measure reads. The most fertile ones are the ferrazoles, which can be found in the dry northern territories. Project topics and materials pdf free download 2020. Nigerian journal of basic and applied science june, 2012, 202. Past and present onstation and onfarm initiatives by junge et al. Manual on integrated soil management and conservation practices.
The principles of conservation agriculture conservation agriculture takes advantage of natural ecological processes to conserve moisture, enhance soil fertility, and improve soil structure, and to reduce soil erosion and the presence of diseases and pests. Soil conservation and management in developing countries. Soil physical conditions in nigerian savannas and biomass. It was revealed that the weakness of conservation and sustainable management effort is due to poor governance and lack of knowledge and scarcity of research programs on species conservation. Soil conservation in nigeria soil and water conservation. The absence of such a programme in central eastern nigeria, that has a total land area of 20 000 km 2, necessitated the drawing up of a soil conservation strategy for the area. The most concentrated deforestation occurs in tropical rainforests. Soil erosion has been recognized for a long time as a serious problem in nigeria stamp 1938 which has several environmental and economic impacts.
Where the land surface is bared of protective vegetationas it must e under cultivationsoil is exposed direct. Africa is estimated at 227 mha by water erosion, 186 mha by wind erosion, 19 mha by physical degradation, and. The three principles of conservation agriculture disturb the soil as little as possible, keep the soil covered as much as possible, and. Erosion processes and soilconservation technology 4. The world requirement of food is fulfilled by agriculture. A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. Resources biodiversity conservation conference nigeria. For the survey, farmers were selected from the communities esa oke, elwure and owodeede and akoda in osun state in nigeria. It is the objective of this study therefore to update the classification of six of the most common soil series in southwestern nigeria in consonance with the knowledge of modern soil science. Soil erosion, on the other hand, is a vastly accelerated process brought about by human interference with the normal equihbrium between soil building and soil removal.
Nigerian vegetation pdf forest is vegetation that is dominated by tall, mostly evergreen trees and there is hardly. For better and proper crop yield, good soil conditions are necessary. Today these techniques of soil and water conservation are being prac ticed in many countries with much benefit to great numbers of people. Nigerian vegetation pdf nigerian vegetation pdf download.
Nigeria gusau agricultural development project english. An indexbased approach download download pdf farmers knowledge and adoption of soil conservation practices in north central nigeria. Federal environmental protection agency act chapter 1, laws of the federation. Nigeria is endowed with arable land and fresh water resources when viewed as a whole with approximately 61 million hectares of the land cultivable while the total renewable water resources is about 280 km 3 year. It is precisely in this connection that the report soil conservation in nigeria. It is essential that conservation professionals understand the soils on which we build and design and work. The major problems include habitat degradation through uncontrolled logging, agricultural projects, industrial plantations, highway and urban development, and exploitation for fuelwood, overhunting and poaching steps taken so far. Soil and water conservation practices in the savanna of. Soil water storage, yield, water productivity and transpiration efficiency of soybeans glyxine max l. How conservation agriculture works in different types of farms. The twelfth edition of the keys to soil taxonomy incorporates all changes approved since the publication in 1999 of the second edition of soil taxonomy. Land degradation, soil conservation and poverty status.
Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. The conservation of soil implies utilisation without waste so as to make possible a continuous high level of crop production while improving environmental quality. Organic material works like glue that binds soil particles together and plays a major role in soil erosion prevention. In rural areas, declining soil fertility and soil erosion threaten the ability to produce sufficient food. The major problems include habitat degradation through uncontrolled logging, agricultural projects, industrial plantations, highway and urban development, and exploitation for fuelwood, over. In areas susceptible to erosion, there is the need for a comprehensive soil conservation programme so as to be able to prevent catastrophic soil erosion problems. Soil and water conservation engineering pdf free download. The foundation was founded in 1980 by shafi edu and has worked since then on a number of resource management and conservation projects across nigeria. Conservation council, which is empowered to address soil, water, forestry, fisheries and wildlife conservation by formulating and implementing policies, programmes and projects on conservation of the countrys natural resources. The nigerian journal of soil science publishes research works in all aspects of soil science. This problem is primarily caused by soil erosion, which particularly damages the. This paper deals with the present statusstate of nigerias soil and the challenges of soil management in the country. The problem of torrent erosion, in both the foothilla of the northern. Reference soil ofthe southern guinea savanna of south western nigeria.
In nigeria, farmers had used various soil conservation practices depending on the terrain and peculiar climate element prevalence in the area. The paper suggests some rules of thumb for identifying the priority areas for government and donor intervention, including the need for targeted research on the productivity. Land degradation and rehabilitation in ethiopia society at large is also suffering from uncertain information about the rates of land use change and land degradation. Assessment of soil fertility management among the arable crop farmers in ondo southwestern nigeria. Oyun local government area of kwara state, nigeria.